Człowiek – słownictwo na egzamin B2 First (FCE)

Poniżej znajdziesz najważniejsze słownictwo z zakresu „Człowiek”, które warto znać przed egzaminem B2 First (FCE). To jeden z podstawowych tematów pojawiających się w zadaniach Reading, Writing, Speaking oraz Use of English.

Przygotowałem listę najczęściej używanych słów i zwrotów dotyczących między innymi wyglądu zewnętrznego, cech charakteru, emocji, relacji międzyludzkich oraz zachowania. Każde słowo zostało dobrane z myślą o praktycznym wykorzystaniu podczas egzaminu, a materiał uzupełniają przykłady użycia i ćwiczenia pomagające utrwalić nowe słownictwo.

Opanowanie słownictwa z tego działu ułatwi Ci opisywanie osób, wyrażanie opinii, porównywanie zdjęć oraz tworzenie poprawnych wypowiedzi pisemnych i ustnych na poziomie B2.

Spis treści

1. Wygląd zewnętrzny

2. Charakter

3. Emocje i uczucia

4. Relacje międzyludzkie

5. Zachowanie

6. Umiejętności i cechy

7. Idiomy

Wygląd zewnętrzny

English

well-built

broad-shouldered

slim

lean

stocky

petite

slender

athletic

muscular

overweight

obese

middle-aged

elderly

youthful

fair-skinned

dark-skinned

pale

tanned

freckled

wrinkled

clean-shaven

curly-haired

wavy-haired

shoulder-length

bald

receding hairline

striking

good-looking

plain-looking

elegant

stylish

scruffy

fashionable

trendy

smartly dressed

casually dressed

distinctive

recognisable

youthful-looking

worn-out-looking

Polish

dobrze zbudowany

szeroki w ramionach

szczupły

szczupły, smukły

krępej budowy

drobnej budowy

smukły

wysportowany

umięśniony

z nadwagą

otyły

w średnim wieku

w podeszłym wieku

młodzieńczo wyglądający

o jasnej karnacji

o ciemnej karnacji

blady

opalony

piegowaty

pomarszczony

gładko ogolony

o kręconych włosach

o falowanych włosach

do ramion (o włosach)

łysy

zakola

uderzająco atrakcyjny

przystojny / atrakcyjny

przeciętnie wyglądający

elegancki

stylowy

niechlujny

modny

modny

elegancko ubrany

ubrany na co dzień

charakterystyczny

łatwy do rozpoznania

wyglądający młodo

wyglądający na zmęczonego życiem

Wygląd zewnętrzny – ćwiczenia

Ćwiczenie 1. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.

receding hairline • freckled • well-groomed • broad-shouldered • wrinkled • plain-looking • scruffy • shoulder-length


Although he isn’t particularly attractive, he’s certainly not ugly—he’s simply rather __________.

She can easily be recognised because she’s __________ and her face is covered with small brown spots.

Even at the age of ninety, my grandmother’s face is only slightly __________.

The man looked untidy because his clothes were dirty, his hair was messy and he hadn’t shaved for days. He looked __________.

After years of losing his hair, he now has a noticeable __________.

The swimmer was tall and __________, which gave him an advantage in competitions.

Her __________ hair reached just below her shoulders.

He always looks smart, his hair is neatly styled and his clothes are perfectly clean. He’s extremely __________.


Ćwiczenie 2. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.


lean • muscular • tanned • bald • elderly • stylish • overweight • distinctive


Thanks to years of weight training, his arms and shoulders are extremely __________.

Long-distance runners usually have a __________ body rather than a heavily built one.

After spending a month in Spain, she came home beautifully __________.

The police caught the suspect thanks to the __________ scar above his left eye.

My grandfather is over eighty-five now, so he’s considered __________.

He has no hair at all—he’s completely __________.

The designer is famous for creating __________ clothes that many celebrities wear.

The doctor advised him to lose some weight because he was __________.


Ćwiczenie 3. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.


middle-aged • athletic • attractive • curly-haired • clean-shaven • stocky • pale • elegant


He exercises almost every day and has a very __________ figure.

The waiter was __________, with no beard or moustache at all.

She looked unusually __________ after spending three days in bed with a high fever.

He’s quite short and __________, with a strong, solid build.

The woman looked __________ in her long black evening dress.

The boy is easy to recognise because he’s __________ and both his parents have the same type of hair.

Although he’s no longer young, he’s still a __________ man with two teenage children.

The actor is considered extremely __________, and he appears in many advertising campaigns.

Charakter

English

ambitious

determined

reliable

trustworthy

considerate

thoughtful

supportive

confident

easy-going

outgoing

sociable

reserved

shy

mature

sensible

responsible

independent

open-minded

narrow-minded

creative

imaginative

patient

impatient

stubborn

determined

hard-working

lazy

generous

selfish

honest

dishonest

polite

rude

optimistic

pessimistic

organised

reliable

punctual

competitive

bossy

arrogant

modest

cheerful

moody

bad-tempered

witty

curious

sympathetic

sensitive

Polish

ambitny

zdeterminowany

godny zaufania

godny zaufania

troskliwy

troskliwy

wspierający

pewny siebie

wyluzowany

towarzyski

towarzyski

powściągliwy

nieśmiały

dojrzały

rozsądny

odpowiedzialny

samodzielny

otwarty

ograniczony w poglądach

kreatywny

pomysłowy

cierpliwy

niecierpliwy

uparty

zdeterminowany

pracowity

leniwy

hojny

samolubny

uczciwy

nieuczciwy

uprzejmy

nieuprzejmy

optymistyczny

pesymistyczny

zorganizowany

niezawodny

punktualny

ambitny, lubiący rywalizację

apodyktyczny

arogancki

skromny

pogodny

humorzasty

wybuchowy

dowcipny

ciekawski / ciekawy świata

współczujący

wrażliwy

Charakter – ćwiczenia

Ćwiczenie 1. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.

stubborn • selfish • modest • reliable • punctual • considerate • open-minded • ambitious


Even though she won the national competition, she remained __________ and never boasted about her success.

He’s extremely __________ and has never been late for work in over ten years.

Sarah is very __________. She always thinks about other people’s feelings before making a decision.

Our manager is highly __________, and everyone knows they can depend on her.

Tom is so __________ that he refuses to change his opinion, even when everyone proves he’s wrong.

She’s incredibly __________ and dreams of becoming the CEO of an international company.

He never shares anything with anyone and only thinks about himself. He’s quite __________.

I like talking to my grandfather because he’s surprisingly __________ and enjoys hearing different opinions.

Ćwiczenie 2. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.


sensitive • bossy • independent • competitive • arrogant • organised • impatient • optimistic

My sister hates waiting in queues and becomes __________ after only a few minutes.

He’s extremely __________ and always believes that everything will work out in the end.

She keeps telling everyone what to do, even when nobody asks for her advice. She’s rather __________.

Peter prefers solving problems on his own instead of asking for help because he’s very __________.

She plans everything in advance, keeps a detailed calendar and never forgets important dates. She’s highly __________.

He always believes he’s better than everyone else and rarely listens to other people’s opinions. He’s quite __________.

She gets upset easily when people criticise her work because she’s very __________.

Even during a friendly board game, he’s incredibly __________ and hates losing.

Ćwiczenie 3. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.


determined • generous • reserved • sociable • responsible • dishonest • mature • creative


My cousin rarely starts conversations with strangers because he’s naturally quite __________.

She came up with an unusual solution that nobody else had thought of because she’s very __________.

Although he’s only sixteen, he’s surprisingly __________ and deals with problems calmly.

Jack is extremely __________ and often donates money to local charities.

You can’t trust him because he’s been __________ several times in the past.

Emma is very __________ and enjoys meeting new people wherever she goes.

She was __________ to pass the exam, so she studied every evening for three months.

As the oldest child in the family, he’s expected to be __________ for looking after his younger brother.

Emocje i uczucia

English

delighted

thrilled

relieved

satisfied

grateful

proud

amazed

impressed

enthusiastic

inspired

disappointed

frustrated

embarrassed

ashamed

guilty

annoyed

irritated

upset

miserable

heartbroken

anxious

nervous

stressed

overwhelmed

exhausted

confused

puzzled

shocked

surprised

terrified

frightened

terrified

suspicious

jealous

envious

lonely

homesick

relaxed

calm

confident

insecure

hopeful

doubtful

curious

determined

unwilling

eager

motivated

discouraged

touched

be in a good mood

be in a bad mood

lose your temper

keep your cool

burst into tears

calm down

cheer somebody up

get nervous

feel under pressure

have mixed feelings

Polish

zachwycony

podekscytowany

odczuwający ulgę

usatysfakcjonowany

wdzięczny

dumny

zdumiony

pod wrażeniem

entuzjastyczny

zainspirowany

rozczarowany

sfrustrowany

zawstydzony

zawstydzony / pełen wstydu

mający poczucie winy

poirytowany

zirytowany

zdenerwowany / przygnębiony

nieszczęśliwy

ze złamanym sercem

zaniepokojony

zdenerwowany

zestresowany

przytłoczony

wyczerpany

zdezorientowany

zdezorientowany / zdziwiony

zszokowany

zaskoczony

przerażony

przestraszony

przerażony

podejrzliwy

zazdrosny

zawistny

samotny

stęskniony za domem

zrelaksowany

spokojny

pewny siebie

niepewny siebie

pełen nadziei

pełen wątpliwości

ciekawy

zdeterminowany

niechętny

chętny, pełen zapału

zmotywowany

zniechęcony

wzruszony

być w dobrym humorze

być w złym humorze

stracić panowanie nad sobą

zachować spokój

wybuchnąć płaczem

uspokoić się

pocieszyć, rozweselić

zdenerwować się

czuć presję

mieć mieszane uczucia

 

Emocje i uczucia – ćwiczenia

Ćwiczenie 1. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.

proud • homesick • relieved • disappointed • embarrassed • anxious • thrilled • guilty

  1. After finding my missing passport in my backpack, I felt incredibly __________.
  2. Kate was __________ when everyone started laughing after she tripped over during her presentation.
  3. He felt __________ because he had lied to his best friend.
  4. We were absolutely __________ when we found out we’d won tickets to the concert.
  5. Waiting for the results of the medical tests made her feel extremely __________.
  6. My parents were __________ of me after I graduated from university with honours.
  7. Although she enjoys studying abroad, she sometimes feels __________ and misses her family.
  8. We were really __________ when the festival was cancelled at the last minute.

Ćwiczenie 2. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.

enthusiastic • insecure • exhausted • suspicious • grateful • puzzled • jealous • overwhelmed

  1. After working twelve hours a day for the entire week, he felt completely __________.
  2. She was __________ for all the support her friends gave her during a difficult time.
  3. I was __________ by the amount of work I had to finish before Friday.
  4. His explanation didn’t make much sense, so everyone looked rather __________.
  5. Emma became __________ when her sister received all the attention from their parents.
  6. The children were __________ about visiting the science museum and couldn’t stop talking about it.
  7. The police officer became __________ when the man kept changing his story.
  8. Since changing schools, he’s been feeling __________ and often doubts his own abilities.

Ćwiczenie 3. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki.

hopeful • touched • discouraged • inspired • ashamed • frustrated • terrified • amazed

  1. After reading about her success, I felt __________ to start working harder towards my own goals.
  2. We were __________ by the magician’s incredible performance and couldn’t explain how he did it.
  3. She felt __________ after failing her driving test for the third time despite months of practice.
  4. His kind words and unexpected gift left me deeply __________.
  5. The little boy was __________ when he saw a huge dog running towards him.
  6. Although the treatment is difficult, the doctors are __________ that she’ll recover soon.
  7. He was __________ of the way he had behaved during the argument and apologised immediately afterwards.
  8. After receiving several job rejections, she became __________ and considered giving up completely.

Relacje międzyludzkie

English

get on well with

get along with

fall out with

make up with

keep in touch

lose touch

get to know

make friends

trust

earn somebody’s trust

betray

support

encourage

admire

respect

forgive

apologise

argue

quarrel

offend

criticise

praise

compliment

influence

persuade

convince

rely on

depend on

care about

look after

get married

be engaged

break up

get divorced

have a lot in common

have an argument

make a good impression

keep a promise

let somebody down

get involved

fit in

get together

socialise

misunderstand

gossip

bully

get upset with somebody

settle an argument

build a relationship

make a compromise

Polish

dobrze się z kimś dogadywać

dobrze się z kimś dogadywać

pokłócić się z kimś

pogodzić się z kimś

utrzymywać kontakt

stracić kontakt

poznać kogoś

zaprzyjaźnić się

ufać

zdobyć czyjeś zaufanie

zdradzić

wspierać

zachęcać

podziwiać

szanować

wybaczać

przepraszać

kłócić się

pokłócić się

obrazić

krytykować

chwalić

skomplementować

wpływać na

przekonać

przekonać

polegać na

być zależnym od

troszczyć się o

opiekować się

wziąć ślub

być zaręczonym

rozstać się

rozwieść się

mieć wiele wspólnego

pokłócić się

zrobić dobre wrażenie

dotrzymać obietnicy

zawieść kogoś

zaangażować się

pasować do grupy

spotkać się

spotykać się towarzysko

źle zrozumieć

plotkować

prześladować

zdenerwować się na kogoś

zażegnać konflikt

budować relację

pójść na kompromis

Relacje międzyludzkie – ćwiczenia

Ćwiczenie 1. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki. Dwa słowa zostały podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnego ze zdań.


fall out with • get to know • apologise • rely on • keep in touch • make friends • persuade • break up • get married • betray


You can always __________ your older brother because he never lets you down.

I was nervous on my first day at university, but I quickly managed to __________ with my classmates.

If you’ve done something wrong, you should __________ instead of pretending nothing happened.

It took us a few weeks to __________ our new neighbours after they moved in next door.

She tried to __________ her parents to let her spend a year studying abroad.

Although they live in different countries now, they still __________ by video calling every weekend.

They decided to __________ after realising they wanted completely different things in life.

Tom __________ his best friend after telling everyone about his private problems.


Ćwiczenie 2. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki. Dwa słowa zostały podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnego ze zdań.


argue • admire • care about • forgive • support • lose touch • respect • encourage • depend on • get divorced


My parents always __________ me to do my best, even when I doubt myself.

I really __________ people who volunteer to help others without expecting anything in return.

True friends __________ each other when life becomes difficult.

It’s important to __________ other people’s opinions, even if you don’t agree with them.

I haven’t seen Mark for nearly fifteen years—we completely __________ after primary school.

She found it difficult to __________ her brother for lying to her.

Good friends genuinely __________ each other’s happiness.

Young children usually __________ their parents for almost everything.


Ćwiczenie 3. Uzupełnij zdania. Wstaw odpowiednie słowo z ramki. Dwa słowa zostały podane dodatkowo i nie pasują do żadnego ze zdań.


trust • have a lot in common • get on well with • quarrel • influence • care about • keep a promise • socialise • have an argument • look after


We both enjoy travelling, photography and hiking, so we __________.

I really __________ my grandparents because they’ve never lied to me.

Sarah and her colleagues __________ each other, which makes working together much easier.

My older sister had to __________ me while our parents were at work.

Good leaders can __________ people without forcing them to do anything.

I was disappointed because he failed to __________ after saying he would help me.

Brothers and sisters sometimes __________ over silly things, but they usually make up quickly.

He doesn’t like to __________ after work and usually goes straight home.

Zachowanie

English

behave

behaviour

misbehave

polite

impolite

rude

disrespectful

respectful

calm

patient

impatient

aggressive

violent

nervous

anxious

confident

shy

outgoing

loud

quiet

noisy

annoying

irritating

helpful

unhelpful

cooperative

uncooperative

honest

dishonest

fair

unfair

responsible

irresponsible

mature

immature

obedient

disobedient

self-controlled

impulsive

sarcastic

cheeky

arrogant

bossy

demanding

strict

flexible

considerate

thoughtless

supportive

disrespectful

Polish

zachowywać się

zachowanie

źle się zachowywać

uprzejmy

nieuprzejmy

niegrzeczny

lekceważący, nie okazujący szacunku

pełen szacunku

spokojny

cierpliwy

niecierpliwy

agresywny

gwałtowny, agresywny

nerwowy

zaniepokojony

pewny siebie

nieśmiały

towarzyski

głośny

cichy

hałaśliwy

irytujący

denerwujący

pomocny

niepomocny

współpracujący

niewspółpracujący

uczciwy

nieuczciwy

sprawiedliwy

niesprawiedliwy

odpowiedzialny

nieodpowiedzialny

dojrzały

niedojrzały

posłuszny

nieposłuszny

opanowany

impulsywny

sarkastyczny

bezczelny (lekko żartobliwie)

arogancki

apodyktyczny

wymagający

surowy

elastyczny

troskliwy

nierozważny

wspierający

brak szacunku

Zachowanie – ćwiczenia

Ćwiczenie 1

polite • rude • impatient • well-behaved • aggressive • calm • noisy • considerate • impulsive • arrogant

  1. Even in stressful situations, she always stays completely __________ and never panics.
  2. The children were extremely __________ during the school trip and followed every instruction.
  3. He tends to be __________ and often interrupts people before they finish speaking.
  4. The man became __________ when someone accidentally stepped on his foot in the queue.
  5. She is very __________ and always thinks about how her actions might affect others.
  6. The teenagers were so __________ in the cinema that other people complained.
  7. He is incredibly __________ and often makes decisions without thinking about the consequences.
  8. The waiter was extremely __________ and refused to help us properly.

Ćwiczenie 2

respectful • disrespectful • responsible • irresponsible • shy • outgoing • strict • flexible • bossy • impatient

  1. My teacher is very __________ and always expects students to follow the rules exactly.
  2. She is quite __________ and finds it difficult to start conversations with strangers.
  3. He is very __________ and often tells other people what to do, even when it’s not his job.
  4. Good employees are usually __________ and can be trusted to complete tasks on time.
  5. The manager was very __________ when speaking to the staff, even during disagreements.
  6. He is extremely __________ and never waits calmly in queues.
  7. My cousin is very __________ and loves meeting new people at parties.
  8. Some teenagers behave in a __________ way towards adults, which causes problems at school.

Ćwiczenie 3

mature • immature • honest • dishonest • cooperative • uncooperative • supportive • unhelpful • annoying • thoughtful

  1. She is very __________ for her age and handles problems in a sensible way.
  2. He gave a completely __________ answer, even though everyone knew he was lying.
  3. The student was __________ during group work and refused to help anyone.
  4. My friend is always __________ and helps me when I have difficulties.
  5. The child behaved in a very __________ way, laughing during a serious discussion.
  6. The receptionist was extremely __________ and didn’t explain anything clearly.
  7. He is usually very __________ and works well with other people in a team.
  8. Her constant interruptions during the lesson were really __________ for the teacher.

Umiejętności i cechy

English

skill

ability

talent

talented

skilled

experienced

inexperienced

capable

incapable

proficient

fluent

creative

imaginative

logical

analytical

practical

organised

disorganised

efficient

inefficient

competent

incompetent

knowledgeable

well-informed

quick learner

slow learner

problem-solving skills

communication skills

teamwork skills

leadership skills

IT skills

technical skills

interpersonal skills

time management

multitasking

adaptability

flexibility

attention to detail

accuracy

precision

confidence

self-confidence

motivation

dedication

commitment

hard-working

reliable

independent

resourceful

ambitious

determined

Polish

umiejętność

zdolność

talent

utalentowany

wykwalifikowany / biegły

doświadczony

niedoświadczony

zdolny

niezdolny

biegły

biegle posługujący się (językiem)

kreatywny

pomysłowy

logiczny

analityczny

praktyczny

zorganizowany

niezorganizowany

efektywny

nieefektywny

kompetentny

niekompetentny

posiadający wiedzę

dobrze poinformowany

szybko uczący się

wolno uczący się

umiejętność rozwiązywania problemów

umiejętności komunikacyjne

umiejętność pracy w zespole

umiejętności przywódcze

umiejętności informatyczne

umiejętności techniczne

umiejętności interpersonalne

zarządzanie czasem

wykonywanie wielu zadań jednocześnie

zdolność adaptacji

elastyczność

dbałość o szczegóły

dokładność

precyzja

pewność siebie

pewność siebie

motywacja

zaangażowanie

zaangażowanie

pracowity

godny zaufania

niezależny

zaradny

ambitny

zdeterminowany

Umiejętności i cechy – ćwiczenia

Ćwiczenie 1

quick learner • organised • inexperienced • skilled • communication skills • time management • motivated • incapable • efficient • attention to detail

  1. Even though he is still new in the job, he is very __________ and understands instructions after seeing them once.
  2. The project failed because the team had poor __________ and never finished tasks on time.
  3. She is extremely __________ and always completes her work faster than others without making mistakes.
  4. The new employee is very __________ and still makes a lot of basic mistakes.
  5. Good journalists need excellent __________ to clearly express ideas in interviews.
  6. He is very __________ and always keeps his desk, files and schedule perfectly in order.
  7. The designer checked every small element because of her strong __________.
  8. He is highly __________ and wants to improve his skills as quickly as possible.

Ćwiczenie 2

teamwork skills • leadership skills • adaptable • confident • unreliable • analytical • problem-solving skills • capable • disorganised • well-informed

  1. She is very __________ and can easily adjust to new situations or changes.
  2. Good managers need strong __________ to guide and motivate their teams.
  3. He is extremely __________ and never prepares properly for meetings or deadlines.
  4. Doctors must have excellent __________ to make the right decisions under pressure.
  5. The candidate is very __________ and always checks facts before giving opinions.
  6. She is __________ and often cancels plans at the last minute.
  7. Working in customer service requires strong __________.
  8. He is very __________ and believes in his own abilities even in difficult situations.

Ćwiczenie 3

experienced • creative • independent • inefficient • motivated • capable • flexibility • accuracy • hard-working • incompetent

  1. After ten years in the industry, she is a very __________ professional.
  2. He is extremely __________ and often stays late to finish all his tasks.
  3. The engineer was considered __________ because he repeatedly made serious mistakes.
  4. She is very __________ and prefers working alone rather than in a team.
  5. Good employees show __________ when they can change plans quickly if needed.
  6. His work is very __________ because he wastes time and repeats tasks unnecessarily.
  7. The accountant checks every number twice to ensure complete __________.
  8. She is very __________ and always looks for new ideas and solutions.

Idiomy – człowiek

English

have a heart of gold

wear your heart on your sleeve

have a chip on your shoulder

have a short fuse

be two-faced

stand your ground

be stuck in your ways

break the ice

bury the hatchet

be over the moon

feel down in the dumps

be in hot water

be in deep water

be in the same boat

bite someone’s head off

keep a straight face

be full of yourself

be at odds with someone

lose your temper

keep your cool

Polish

hbyć bardzo dobrym człowiekiem

okazywać emocje otwarcie

być urażonym / mieć kompleksy

szybko się denerwować

być dwulicowym

nie ustąpić

nie zmieniać swoich przyzwyczajeń

przełamać pierwsze lody

pogodzić się po konflikcie

być bardzo szczęśliwym

być bardzo przygnębionym

być w kłopotach

być w poważnych kłopotach

być w tej samej sytuacji co inni

ostro kogoś zrugać

nie okazywać emocji

być zarozumiałym

być w konflikcie z kimś

stracić panowanie nad sobą

zachować spokój

Opinie kursantów